白细胞介素35和白细胞介素37与结直肠癌临床病理学特征及预后的相关性研究

背景与目的：结直肠癌（colorectal cancer，CRC）为世界第三常见恶性肿瘤，近年来研究者认为白细胞介素（interleukin，IL）-35和（或）IL-37与CRC的发展有关，但其作用机制尚未阐明。探究IL-35和IL-37在CRC发展中的作用及其可能的机制，分析IL-35和IL-37与CRC患者预后的相关性。方法：收集2013年—2017年在上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院接受治疗的191例CRC患者手术病理蜡块的肿瘤组织，与其匹配的非癌组织是来源于同一患者的肠癌手术切缘蜡块组织。应用免疫组织化学（immunohistochemistry，IHC）染色法将CRC患者的癌组织与非癌组织染色，并运用Image-Pro Plus将IHC染色阳性部分定量分析，结合随访结果，探讨癌组织与非癌组织中IL-35和IL-37的表达水平与CRC临床病理学特征及预后的相关性。结果：与非癌组织相比，CRC组织中IL-35的表达量减少了50%（P<0.000 1）。CRC组织中IL-37的表达量与非癌组织相比增加了40%（P=0.012）。多因素生存分析显示，癌组织中IL-35（HR=0.39；95% CI：0.16~0.97；P=0.04）的表达水平是CRC患者术后生存的独立预测指标。结论：IL-35和IL-37蛋白的表达水平可能与CRC的发展有关，IL-35的表达水平可能是CRC患者术后生存的独立预测指标。     

深圳市新型冠状病毒肺炎社区传播风险快速评估方法研究

目的 探索基于街道的新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情社区传播风险评估方法,提升政府的公共卫生管理水平。方法 采用综合评分法,整合深圳报告的新冠肺炎确诊病例的关键信息,建立新冠肺炎社区传播风险快速评估方法。结果 截至2020年2月29日,深圳市累计报告新冠肺炎确诊病例417例,其中感染来源为湖北武汉地区有224例(53.7%),湖北省其他地区80例(19.2%),其他省市38例(9.1%),深圳市内感染75例(18.0%)。选取“14 d内街道的新冠肺炎病例数(X₁)”、“14 d内新冠肺炎病例数的明确感染来源占比(X₂)”及“14 d内街道内发生新冠肺炎的社区占比(X₃)”作为新冠肺炎社区传播风险快速评估方法的关键指标,建立评价方程Y=0.4X₁+0.5X₂+0.1X₃。将前期已报告的392例具有明确现住址的新冠肺炎确诊病例回代计算,高风险街道15个(20.2%),中风险街道25个(33.8%),低风险街道共34个(50.0%)。福田区、南山区、龙华区、龙岗区的高、中风险街道的比例均超过60%。结论 新冠肺炎社区传播风险快速评估方法简易有效,有助于疫情的精准防控。     

中小学生颈围与高血压患病风险的Meta分析

  目的  系统评估中小学生颈围与高血压患病风险之间的关系,为学校开展高血压预防与健康宣教提供依据。  方法  计算机检索Web of science、PubMed、Scopus、CNKI和Wan Fang数据库,检索时限为建库至2019年12月。2位研究员独立筛选文献,提取资料与质量评价后,应用Stata 14.0软件进行Meta分析。  结果  共纳入8篇文献,包含20 475例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示,高颈围值人群与正常人群相比,高血压患病风险增加35%(OR=1.35,95%CI=1.20~1.51,P < 0.01)。亚组分析结果显示,肥胖中小学生颈围与高血压患病的相关性是正常体重者的1.41倍(OR=1.41,95%CI=1.23~1.61,P < 0.01);欧美洲地区中小学生颈围与高血压患病风险的相关性较亚洲地区更为显著(OR=1.31,95%CI=1.11~1.53,P=0.01);颈围平均值>28.5 cm时(OR=1.29,95%CI=1.02~1.64,P=0.03),与高血压患病有关。  结论  中小学生颈围与高血压患病风险有关,特别是在肥胖人群。应加强对中小学生高颈围值群体血压监测和开展健康教育工作,预防高血压发生。     

人参皂苷Rg1对癫痫大鼠海马神经元损伤和小胶质细胞活化的影响

目的探讨人参皂苷Rg1对癫痫大鼠海马神经元损伤和小胶质细胞活化的影响及其作用机制。方法 SD大鼠分为对照组(control组)、癫痫模型组(model组)、人参皂苷Rg1低剂量组(Rg1-L组)和人参皂苷剂量组(Rg1-H组),采用氯化锂-匹罗卡品腹腔注射制备癫痫大鼠模型;记录各组大鼠行为学发作情况;ELISA检测各组大鼠海马组织的氧化应激水平;qRT-PCR检测各组海马组织中炎症因子的表达;HE染色观察各组大鼠海马神经元结构和病理形态变化;免疫荧光组织化学染色检测各组大鼠小胶质细胞中iNOS、Arg-1蛋白表达。结果 model组大鼠症状达到Ⅲ级及Ⅲ级以上较control组显著增加,人参皂苷Rg1使大鼠的癫痫症状得到改善;与control组相比,model组大鼠海马组织中MDA(P<0.001)、TNF-αm RNA(P<0.001)、IL-1βmRNA(P<0.001)的表达水平上调,SOD(P<0.001)、IL-10 m RNA(P<0.001)的表达水平下调,而人参皂苷Rg1使大鼠海马组织中MDA(P<0.05)、TNF-αm RNA(P<0.05)、IL-1βmRNA(P<0.05)的表达水平下调,SOD(P<0.05)、IL-10 mRNA(P<0.05)的表达水平上调;model组大鼠海马神经元形态不完整,细胞间间隙增大和排列紊乱,人参皂苷Rg1组大鼠海马神经元形态明显改变,可见细胞排列较规则,大部分细胞形态正常;model组大鼠海马神经元凋亡率显著上升(P<0.001),人参皂苷Rg1组使大鼠海马神经元凋亡率下降(P<0.05);与control组相比,model组大鼠小胶质细胞数量显著增加(P<0.001),iNOS蛋白的表达显著升高(P<0.001),Arg-1蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.001),与model组相比,人参皂苷Rg1组大鼠小胶质细胞数量减少(P<0.05),iNOS蛋白的表达降低(P<0.05),Arg-1蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。结论人参皂苷Rg1降低癫痫大鼠海马组织中iNOS蛋白的表达,增加Arg-1蛋白的表达,抑制小胶质细胞的激活,减轻氧化应激和炎症因子的表达,降低癫痫大鼠发作的等级。     

Effect of blending sewage sludge with coal on combustion and ash slagging behavior

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging. Due to the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in ZDC, its combustion ash has a strong likelihood of slagging. This study aims to investigate the effect of blending SS with ZDC on combustion and ash slagging. Thermogravimetry (TG) results indicate that blending with SS could lower the ignition and burnout temperatures of ZDC. With an increase in the ratio of sludge, the comprehensive combustion index (S) first increases and then decreases, showing that blending SS with ZDC in an appropriate proportion could improve the overall combustion. Through the analysis of the interaction, it is confirmed that SS and ZDC could complement each other during co-combustion due to their different components. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to test the ash components of different blending ratios (10–30%) and combustion temperatures (800–1100 °C). Slagging indices including alkali acid ratio (B/A), silicon ratio (G), and silica–alumina ratio (SiO₂/Al₂O₃) were also calculated. The results suggest that the slagging behavior of ZDC is greatly reduced even if the blending ratio is only 10%. However, with an increase in the blending ratio, the effect on slagging gradually weakens. Considering the dual influence of SS blending on combustion and slagging, this study assumes the optimal blending ratio of 20%. Influenced by the components of the combustion ash, B/A and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ are more suitable for evaluating the slagging tendency of ash; however, there is great deviation in the results for G. This research is beneficial to coal-fired power plants for the selection of operation parameters during co-combustion with SS.

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging.     

吉林地区临床患儿CMV-IgM抗体检测结果分析

对吉林地区2 086名临床患儿CMV-IgM抗体进行了检测,结果阳性66人,阳性率3.16%,其中0d～阳性率0.53%;14d～阳性率6.14%;180d～阳性率3.13%;1岁～阳性率2.81%;3岁～阳性率1.23%;≥5岁CMV-IgM抗体均为阴性。不同年龄组CMV-IgM抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.64,P<0.01)。男性患儿阳性率3.17%,女性患儿为3.15%。CMV-IgM抗体阳性患儿以黄疸(19例)、肺炎(13例)、高热待查(10例)为主要症状。     

左卡尼汀及饮食干预对维持性血液透析患者营养不良的影响

目的探讨左卡尼汀及饮食干预对维持性血液透析患者营养状态的疗效。方法选择维持性血液透析营养不良患者30例,随机分对照组（A组）、饮食干预组（B组）和左卡尼汀组（c组）,每组10例;均给予每周3次血液透析治疗,B、C组患者给予饮食干预,C组每次血液透析后静脉注射左卡尼汀,连续观察12周,比如治疗前后体质量指数（BMI）、血总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（Alb）、前白蛋白（PA）、血肌酐（SCr）、尿素氮（BUN）、总胆固醇（Tc）及甘油三酯（TG）的变化。结果A组各项指标治疗前后无显著差异（P〉0．05）;B组BMI、TP、Alb、PA、SCr、BUN、TC及TG在治疗前后有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;C组BMI、TP、Alb、PA、SCr及BUN治疗前后有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;C组BMI、TP、Alb、PA、SCr及BUN较B组升高更明显（P〈0．05）。结论通过充分的血液透析、饮食干预及左卡尼汀治疗能显著改善维持性血液透析患者的营养状态。     

等离子辅助下切除鼻前庭囊肿与齿龈切口术式的临床效果对比

目的鼻内镜等离子辅助下鼻前庭囊肿切除与传统齿龈切口切除鼻前庭囊肿临床效果分析。方法回顾性的分析2015年03月-2019年01月在本院就诊90例鼻前庭囊肿患者,其中45例患者行鼻内镜低温等离子辅助下鼻前庭囊肿切除术(等离子组),45例患者行传统齿龈切口切除鼻前庭囊肿(齿龈组),(两种手术均经同一医生在相同条件下行手术治疗),对比两组的手术时间,术中出血,术后疼痛(采用疼痛VAS评分),术后感染复发等情况。结果等离子组较齿龈组手术时间短、出血量少,术后疼痛轻,恢复快。结论鼻内镜下低温等离子辅助治疗鼻前庭囊肿是治疗鼻前庭囊肿的有效术式,且优于传统术式。     

The synthesis of CoxNi1−xFe2O4/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites and their photocatalytic performance

A series of Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄/multi-walled carbon nanotube (Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄/MWCNTs) nanocomposites as photocatalysts were successfully synthesized, where Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄ was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal approach. Simultaneously, methylene blue (MB) was used as the research object to investigate the catalytic effect of the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The results showed that all the photocatalysts exhibited enhanced catalytic activity compared to pure ferrite. In addition, compared with the other photocatalysts, the reaction time was greatly shortened a significantly higher removal rate was achieved using 3-CNF/MWCNTs. There was no significant decrease in photodegradation efficiency after three catalytic cycles, suggesting that Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄/MWCNTs are recyclable photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. Our results indicate that the Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄/MWCNT composite can be effectively applied for the removal of organic pollutants as a novel photocatalyst.

A series of Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄/multi-walled carbon nanotube (Co_xNi_1−xFe₂O₄/MWCNTs) nanocomposites as photocatalysts were successfully synthesized. The results implied that this composites can be effectively applied for the removal of organic pollutant as novel photocatalysts.